> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.flashduty.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Templates

> Notification templates control the content format of incident notifications. The system uses templates to render incident information and send notifications when assigning incidents.

<Tip>**Plan requirement**: This feature requires an On-call Pro or higher subscription. [Learn more](https://flashcat.cloud/flashduty/price/)</Tip>

## Use Cases

The system uses templates when assigning incidents in the following scenarios:

| Scenario                 | Description                                                                             |
| :----------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Manual incident creation | Manually create and assign incident                                                     |
| Auto-generated incident  | Report alert event, system auto-generates incident, assigns per matched escalation rule |
| Reassignment             | After incident creation, manually change assignment                                     |
| Escalation               | Based on escalation rule settings, system auto-escalates assignment                     |
| Reopen assignment        | After incident closed and reopened, reassigns per previous settings                     |

<Note>
  The system uses [Golang template syntax](https://pkg.go.dev/html/template@go1.18.1) to parse data, supporting logic, loops, pipelines, and common functions. For more functions, refer to [sprig function library](https://github.com/flashcatcloud/sprig/tree/flashcat).
</Note>

<Warning>
  For security reasons, the following sprig functions are disabled. Using them in a template causes a `function "xxx" not defined` parse error:

  | Category               | Disabled functions                                                                                                                                    |
  | :--------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
  | Environment            | `env`, `expandenv`                                                                                                                                    |
  | Network lookup         | `getHostByName`                                                                                                                                       |
  | Cryptography           | `bcrypt`, `htpasswd`, `derivePassword`, `encryptAES`, `decryptAES`                                                                                    |
  | Certificate generation | `genPrivateKey`, `buildCustomCert`, `genCA`, `genCAWithKey`, `genSelfSignedCert`, `genSelfSignedCertWithKey`, `genSignedCert`, `genSignedCertWithKey` |
  | Randomness             | `randBytes`, `uuidv4`, `randAlphaNum`, `randAlpha`, `randAscii`, `randNumeric`, `randInt`, `shuffle`                                                  |
  | Error raising          | `fail`                                                                                                                                                |

  If you need a unique identifier inside a template, use incident variables such as `{{.IncidentID}}` or `{{.LabelsMD5}}`. If you need environment-specific values, pass them in via alert labels or field mappings instead of reading host environment variables from the template.
</Warning>

## Configuring Templates

<Steps>
  <Step title="Create Custom Template">
    Go to **Template Management** page, click **Create Custom Template** or **Copy Default Template**
  </Step>

  <Step title="Edit Template Content">
    Edit content by notification channel, can reference fields from the variable list below
  </Step>

  <Step title="Save Template">
    Click **Save** to complete creation
  </Step>
</Steps>

### Apply Template

<Steps>
  <Step title="Enter Escalation Rules">
    Go to **Channel** → **Escalation Rules**, click **Edit**
  </Step>

  <Step title="Select Template">
    In rule configuration, select **which template** to use for notifications
  </Step>

  <Step title="Save Configuration">
    Click **Save** to complete configuration. See [Configure Escalation Rules](/en/on-call/channel/escalation-rule)
  </Step>
</Steps>

## Variable Reference

### Reference Examples

```go theme={null}
// Reference incident title
{{.Title}}

// Reference creator name
{{.Creator.PersonName}}

// Reference resource label value
{{.Labels.resource}}

// Reference label with "." (e.g., "A.B")
{{index .Labels "A.B"}}
```

### Incident Variables

Complete variable list for incident objects:

| Field              | Type         | Required | Description                                                  |
| :----------------- | :----------- | :------: | :----------------------------------------------------------- |
| ID                 | string       |     ✓    | Incident ID                                                  |
| `Title`            | string       |     ✓    | Incident title                                               |
| `Description`      | string       |     ✓    | Incident description, may be empty                           |
| DetailUrl          | string       |     ✓    | Incident detail page URL                                     |
| Num                | string       |     ✓    | Incident short identifier, for visual recognition only       |
| `IncidentSeverity` | string       |     ✓    | Severity: Critical / Warning / Info                          |
| IncidentStatus     | string       |     ✓    | Incident status: Critical / Warning / Info / Ok              |
| `Progress`         | string       |     ✓    | Processing progress: Triggered / Processing / Closed         |
| `StartTime`        | int64        |     ✓    | Trigger time, Unix timestamp in seconds                      |
| LastTime           | int64        |          | Latest event time, Unix timestamp in seconds                 |
| EndTime            | int64        |          | Recovery time, Unix timestamp in seconds                     |
| SnoozedBefore      | int64        |          | Snooze end time, Unix timestamp in seconds                   |
| AckTime            | int64        |          | First acknowledgment time, Unix timestamp in seconds         |
| CloseTime          | int64        |          | Close time, Unix timestamp in seconds                        |
| Creator            | Person       |          | Creator info, doesn't exist for auto-generated               |
| Closer             | Person       |          | Closer info, doesn't exist for auto-recovered                |
| AssignedTo         | Assignment   |          | Assignment configuration                                     |
| Responders         | \[]Responder |          | Responders list                                              |
| ChannelID          | int64        |          | Channel ID                                                   |
| ChannelName        | string       |          | Channel name                                                 |
| GroupMethod        | string       |          | Grouping method: n (none) / p (rule-based) / i (intelligent) |
| `Labels`           | map          |          | Label KV, both Key and Value are strings                     |
| AlertCnt           | int64        |     ✓    | Associated alert count                                       |
| Alerts             | \[]Alert     |          | Associated alert details                                     |
| FireType           | string       |          | Notification type: fire (notify) / refire (loop notify)      |
| IsFlapping         | bool         |          | Whether in flapping state                                    |
| Impact             | string       |          | Incident impact, filled after closure                        |
| RootCause          | string       |          | Incident root cause, filled after closure                    |
| Resolution         | string       |          | Resolution, filled after closure                             |

### Related Objects

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Person - Personnel Info">
    | Field        | Type   | Required | Description   |
    | :----------- | :----- | :------: | :------------ |
    | person\_id   | int64  |     ✓    | Person ID     |
    | person\_name | string |     ✓    | Person name   |
    | email        | string |     ✓    | Email address |
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Assignment - Assignment Configuration">
    | Field            | Type     | Required | Description                                            |
    | :--------------- | :------- | :------: | :----------------------------------------------------- |
    | PersonIDs        | \[]int64 |          | Person ID list, only exists when assigned by person    |
    | EscalateRuleID   | string   |          | Escalation rule ID                                     |
    | EscalateRuleName | string   |          | Escalation rule name                                   |
    | LayerIdx         | int      |          | Assignment level, starts from 0                        |
    | Type             | string   |     ✓    | Assignment type: assign / reassign / escalate / reopen |
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Responder - Responder">
    | Field          | Type   | Required | Description                                    |
    | :------------- | :----- | :------: | :--------------------------------------------- |
    | PersonID       | int64  |     ✓    | Person ID                                      |
    | PersonName     | string |     ✓    | Person name                                    |
    | Email          | string |     ✓    | Email address                                  |
    | AssignedAt     | int64  |     ✓    | Assignment time, Unix timestamp in seconds     |
    | AcknowledgedAt | int64  |          | Acknowledgment time, Unix timestamp in seconds |
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Alert - Alert Details">
    | Field         | Type   | Required | Description                                  |
    | :------------ | :----- | :------: | :------------------------------------------- |
    | Title         | string |     ✓    | Alert title                                  |
    | Description   | string |     ✓    | Alert description, may be empty              |
    | AlertSeverity | string |     ✓    | Severity: Critical / Warning / Info          |
    | AlertStatus   | string |     ✓    | Alert status: Critical / Warning / Info / Ok |
    | StartTime     | int64  |     ✓    | Trigger time, Unix timestamp in seconds      |
    | LastTime      | int64  |          | Latest event time, Unix timestamp in seconds |
    | EndTime       | int64  |          | Recovery time, Unix timestamp in seconds     |
    | Labels        | map    |          | Label KV                                     |
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## FAQ

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="How do I know what Labels are available?">
    * Manually created incidents have no labels
    * Auto-created incidents have labels, same as the first merged alert's labels

    Go to **Incident List** → view incident details to see all label information.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Configured custom template but default template was used instead?">
    When creating custom templates, the system uses mock data to check syntax. Mock data covers limited scenarios; rendering may fail at runtime, and system falls back to default template.

    <Tip>
      Recommend checking if variable exists before referencing:

      ```go theme={null}
      // ❌ Wrong: Read label directly
      {{.Labels.resource}}

      // ✅ Recommended: Check then read
      {{if .Labels.resource}}{{.Labels.resource}}{{end}}
      ```
    </Tip>
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Incident title has character escaping (like >)?">
    Use `toHtml` function to handle:

    ```go theme={null}
    // Escape HTML characters
    {{toHtml .Title}}

    // Render with first non-empty value
    {{toHtml .Title .TitleEnglish}}
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="How to convert time format?">
    ```go theme={null}
    // date function: Convert timestamp to readable format
    {{date "2006-01-02 15:04:05" .StartTime}}

    // ago function: Convert time difference to readable format (e.g., "5 minutes ago")
    {{ago .StartTime}}
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="How to reference external variable inside for loop?">
    Add `$` before external variable:

    ```go theme={null}
    {{range .Responders}}
      {{if eq $.Progress "Triggered"}}
        【Pending】{{.Email}}
      {{end}}
    {{end}}
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="How to extract field value with . (like obj.instance)?">
    Use `index` function:

    ```go theme={null}
    {{index .Labels "obj.instance"}}
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="How to extract labels from associated alerts and deduplicate?">
    ```go theme={null}
    // alertLabels: Get deduplicated array
    {{alertLabels . "resource"}}

    // joinAlertLabels: Deduplicate and join with delimiter as string
    {{joinAlertLabels . "resource" ", "}}
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="How to iterate and print Labels?">
    ```go theme={null}
    // Complete iteration
    {{range $k, $v := .Labels}}
      {{$k}} : {{toHtml $v}}
    {{end}}

    // Exclude single label
    {{range $k, $v := .Labels}}
      {{if ne $k "resource"}}
        {{$k}} : {{toHtml $v}}
      {{end}}
    {{end}}

    // Exclude multiple labels
    {{range $k, $v := .Labels}}
      {{if not (in $k "resource" "body_text")}}
        {{$k}} : {{toHtml $v}}
      {{end}}
    {{end}}
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="How to extract info from JSON field?">
    Use `jsonGet` function to extract values by path from valid JSON. Syntax reference at [gjson.dev](https://gjson.dev/).

    ```go theme={null}
    // Extract detail_url field from rule_note label
    {{jsonGet .Labels.rule_note "detail_url"}}

    // Extract name field of first element in JSON array
    {{jsonGet .Labels.slice "0.name"}}

    // Iterate array, match instanceId field where userId==7777
    {{jsonGet .Labels.rule_note "#(userId==7777)#.instanceId"}}
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="How to get image URL?">
    **imageSrcToURL**: Convert image\_key or URL to accessible address (for Dingtalk/Slack App)

    ```go theme={null}
    {{ $root := . }}
    {{ range $i, $v := .Images }}
      {{ $imageURL := imageSrcToURL $root $v.Src }}
      {{ if $imageURL }}![]({{$imageURL}}){{ end }}
    {{ end }}
    ```

    **transferImage**: Upload image to third-party platform (for Feishu/Lark App)

    ```go theme={null}
    {{ $root := . }}
    {{ range $i, $v := .Images }}
      {{ $transferURL := transferImage $root $v.Src }}
      {{ if $transferURL }}![]({{$transferURL}}){{ end }}
    {{ end }}
    ```

    <Note>
      Image size cannot exceed 10 MB, supports JPG, PNG, WEBP, GIF, BMP formats.
    </Note>
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="How to use logical operations?">
    | Function    | Description                     | Example                              |
    | :---------- | :------------------------------ | :----------------------------------- |
    | `and`       | Logical AND                     | `{{if and (eq .A "x") (eq .B "y")}}` |
    | `or`        | Logical OR                      | `{{if or (eq .A "x") (eq .A "y")}}`  |
    | `not`       | Logical NOT                     | `{{if not (eq .A "x")}}`             |
    | `eq`        | Equal                           | `{{if eq .A "x"}}`                   |
    | `ne`        | Not equal                       | `{{if ne .A "x"}}`                   |
    | `gt` / `ge` | Greater than / Greater or equal | `{{if gt .AlertCnt 1}}`              |
    | `lt` / `le` | Less than / Less or equal       | `{{if lt .AlertCnt 10}}`             |
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="How to find more functions?">
    * Function list: [functions.go](https://github.com/flashcatcloud/sprig/blob/master/functions.go#L97)
    * Usage examples: Check corresponding `_test.go` files, e.g., [date\_test.go](https://github.com/flashcatcloud/sprig/blob/master/date_test.go)
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## Channel Templates

Different notification channels support different template formats and limitations.

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Feishu/Lark App">
    Requires [Feishu/Lark integration](/en/on-call/integration/instant-messaging/lark) configured first. Supports message card format; system auto-removes empty render lines caused by non-existent labels.

    **Default Template** (render all labels):

    ```go theme={null}
    {{if .Labels.body_text}}{{.Labels.body_text}}{{else if .Description}}{{.Description}}{{end}}
    {{if .Labels.resource}}**resource** : {{(joinAlertLabels . "resource" ", ")}}{{end}}
    {{range $k, $v := .Labels}}
    {{if not (in $k "resource" "body_text" "body_text_with_table")}}**{{$k}}** : {{$v}}{{end}}{{end}}
    {{ $root := . }}
    {{ range $i, $v := .Images }}
      {{ $transferURL := transferImage $root $v.Src }}
      {{ if $transferURL }}![]({{$transferURL}}){{ end }}
    {{ end }}
    ```

    <Frame caption="Feishu/Lark App Notification Effect">
      <img src="https://download.flashcat.cloud/flashduty/changelog/20230720/feishu_app_render.png" alt="Feishu/Lark App Notification" />
    </Frame>

    **Minimal Template** (show key labels only):

    ```go theme={null}
    {{if (index .Labels "resource")}}resource：{{toHtml (joinAlertLabels . "resource" ", ")}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "check")}}check：{{toHtml (index .Labels "check")}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "metric")}}metric：{{index .Labels "metric"}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "trigger_value")}}trigger_value：{{index .Labels "trigger_value"}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "region")}}region：{{index .Labels "region"}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "cluster")}}cluster：{{index .Labels "cluster"}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "service")}}service：{{index .Labels "service"}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "env")}}env：{{index .Labels "env"}}{{end}}
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Dingtalk App">
    Requires [Dingtalk integration](/en/on-call/integration/instant-messaging/dingtalk) configured first. Supports message card format; system auto-removes empty render lines.

    **Default Template**:

    ```go theme={null}
    {{if .Description}}**description** :{{toHtml .Labels.body_text .Description}}{{end}}
    {{if .Labels.resource}}**resource** : {{toHtml (joinAlertLabels . "resource" ", ")}}{{end}}
    {{range $k, $v := .Labels}}
    {{if not (in $k "resource" "body_text")}}**{{$k}}** : {{toHtml $v}}{{end}}{{end}}
    {{ $root := . }}
    {{ range $i, $v := .Images }}
    {{ $imageURL := imageSrcToURL $root $v.Src }}
    {{ if $imageURL }}![]({{$imageURL}}){{ end }}{{ end }}
    ```

    <Frame caption="Dingtalk App Notification Effect">
      <img src="https://download.flashcat.cloud/flashduty/changelog/20230720/dingtalk_app_render.png" alt="Dingtalk App Notification" />
    </Frame>
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="WeCom App">
    Requires [WeCom integration](/en/on-call/integration/instant-messaging/wecom) configured first. Supports message card format.

    <Warning>
      WeCom limits card length, template render area max **8 lines**, excess will be hidden.
    </Warning>

    **Default Template**:

    ```go theme={null}
    {{if (index .Labels "resource")}}resource：{{toHtml (joinAlertLabels . "resource" ", ")}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "metric")}}metric：{{index .Labels "metric"}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "trigger_value")}}trigger_value：{{index .Labels "trigger_value"}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "region")}}region：{{index .Labels "region"}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "cluster")}}cluster：{{index .Labels "cluster"}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "service")}}service：{{index .Labels "service"}}{{end}}
    {{if (index .Labels "env")}}env：{{index .Labels "env"}}{{end}}
    ```

    <Frame caption="WeCom App Notification Effect">
      <img src="https://download.flashcat.cloud/flashduty/changelog/20230720/wecom_app_render.png" alt="WeCom App Notification" />
    </Frame>
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Slack App">
    Requires [Slack integration](/en/on-call/integration/instant-messaging/slack) configured first. Max message length \~15000 characters, truncated if exceeded.

    <Tip>
      When displaying images, separate images from other content with `---`, format starts with `![`.
    </Tip>

    **Default Template**:

    ```go theme={null}
    {{if .Labels.body_text}}{{.Labels.body_text}}{{else if .Description}}{{.Description}}{{end}}
    {{if .Labels.resource}}*resource* : {{(joinAlertLabels . "resource" ", ")}}{{end}}
    {{range $k, $v := .Labels}}
    {{if not (in $k "resource" "body_text" "body_text_with_table")}}*{{$k}}* : {{$v}}{{end}}{{end}}
    {{ $root := . }}
    {{ range $i, $v := .Images }}
     {{ $imageURL := imageSrcToURL $root $v.Src }}
     {{ if $imageURL }}
      ---
      ![{{$v.Alt}}]({{$imageURL}})
     {{ end }}
    {{ end }}
    ```

    <Frame caption="Slack App Notification Effect">
      <img src="https://download.flashcat.cloud/flashduty/integration/slack/slack_app_message.png" alt="Slack App Notification" />
    </Frame>
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Microsoft Teams">
    Requires [Teams integration](/en/on-call/integration/instant-messaging/microsoft-teams) configured first. Max message \~28KB, errors if exceeded.

    **Default Template**:

    ```go theme={null}
    {{if .Description}}**description** :{{toHtml .Labels.body_text .Description}}{{end}}
    {{if .Labels.resource}}**resource** : {{toHtml (joinAlertLabels . "resource" ", ")}}{{end}}
    {{range $k, $v := .Labels}}
    {{if not (in $k "resource" "body_text" "body_text_with_table")}}**{{$k}}** : {{toHtml $v}}{{end}}{{end}}
    ```

    <Frame caption="Teams App Notification Effect">
      <img src="https://download.flashcat.cloud/flashduty/integration/microsoft-teams/teams_app_message.png" alt="Teams App Notification" />
    </Frame>
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

## Bot Templates

Template formats supported by group chat bots.

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Feishu/Lark Bot">
    Supports message card, rich text, and plain text formats. Max message 4000 bytes, truncated if exceeded.

    <AccordionGroup>
      <Accordion title="Message Card (msg_type: interactive)">
        ```json theme={null}
        {
          "msg_type": "interactive",
          "card": {
            "config": {
              "wide_screen_mode": true,
              "enable_forward": true
            },
            "header": {
              "template": "{{if eq .IncidentSeverity \"Critical\"}}red{{else if eq .IncidentSeverity \"Warning\"}}orange{{else}}yellow{{end}}",
              "title": {
                "content": "{{fireReason .}}INC #{{.Num}} {{toHtml .Title}}",
                "tag": "plain_text"
              }
            },
            "elements": [{
              "tag": "div",
              "fields": [{
                "text": {
                  "tag": "lark_md",
                  "content": "**🏢 Channel:**{{.ChannelName}}"
                }
              },
              {
                "text": {
                  "tag": "lark_md",
                  "content": "**⏰ Trigger Time:**{{date \"2006-01-02 15:04:05\" .StartTime}}"
                }
              }]
            },
            {
              "tag": "action",
              "actions": [{
                "tag": "button",
                "text": { "tag": "plain_text", "content": "Details" },
                "type": "primary",
                "url": "{{.DetailUrl}}"
              },
              {
                "tag": "button",
                "text": { "tag": "plain_text", "content": "Acknowledge" },
                "type": "primary",
                "url": "{{.DetailUrl}}?ack=1"
              }]
            }]
          }
        }
        ```
      </Accordion>

      <Accordion title="Rich Text (msg_type: post)">
        ```json theme={null}
        {
          "msg_type": "post",
          "post": {
            "zh_cn": {
              "title": "{{if eq .IncidentSeverity \"Critical\"}}🔴{{else if eq .IncidentSeverity \"Warning\"}}⚠️{{else}}ℹ️{{end}} {{fireReason .}}INC #{{.Num}} {{toHtml .Title}}",
              "content": [
                [{"tag": "text", "text": "🏢 "}, {"tag": "text", "text": "Channel: ", "style": ["bold"]}, {"tag": "text", "text": "{{.ChannelName}}"}],
                [{"tag": "text", "text": "⏰ "}, {"tag": "text", "text": "Trigger Time: ", "style": ["bold"]}, {"tag": "text", "text": "{{date \"2006-01-02 15:04:05\" .StartTime}}"}],
                [{"tag": "a", "href": "{{.DetailUrl}}", "text": "Details"}, {"tag": "text", "text": "  "}, {"tag": "a", "href": "{{.DetailUrl}}?ack=1", "text": "Acknowledge"}]
              ]
            }
          }
        }
        ```
      </Accordion>

      <Accordion title="Plain Text">
        ```go theme={null}
        {{fireReason .}}INC #{{.Num}} {{toHtml .Title}}
        -----
        Channel: {{if .ChannelName}}{{.ChannelName}}{{else}}None{{end}}
        Severity: {{.IncidentSeverity}}
        Trigger Time: {{date "2006-01-02 15:04:05" .StartTime}}
        Duration: {{ago .StartTime}}
        <br />Details: {{.DetailUrl}}
        ```
      </Accordion>
    </AccordionGroup>
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Dingtalk Bot">
    Only supports Markdown messages ([syntax limitations](https://open.dingtalk.com/document/robots/custom-robot-access#title-7ur-3ok-s1a)). Max message 4000 bytes.

    <Note>
      If text contains `<br />`, empty lines are removed first during rendering, then replaced with newlines.
    </Note>

    **Default Template**:

    ```go theme={null}
    {{fireReason .}}INC [#{{.Num}}]({{.DetailUrl}}) {{toHtml .Title}}

    ---
    - Channel: {{if .ChannelName}}{{.ChannelName}}{{else}}None{{end}}
    - Severity: {{$s := colorSeverity .IncidentSeverity}}{{toHtml $s}}
    - Trigger Time: {{date "2006-01-02 15:04:05" .StartTime}}
    - Duration: {{ago .StartTime}}{{if gt .AlertCnt 1}}
    - Grouped Alerts: {{.AlertCnt}}{{end}}{{if .Labels.resource}}
    - Resource: {{toHtml (joinAlertLabels . "resource" ", ")}}{{end}}
    ---
    <br />[Details]({{.DetailUrl}})|[Acknowledge]({{.DetailUrl}}?ack=1)
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="WeCom Bot">
    Only supports Markdown messages ([syntax limitations](https://developer.work.weixin.qq.com/document/path/91770#markdown%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B)). Max message 4000 bytes.

    **Default Template**:

    ```go theme={null}
    {{fireReason .}}**INC [#{{.Num}}]({{.DetailUrl}}) {{toHtml .Title}}**
    > Channel: <font color="warning">{{if .ChannelName}}{{.ChannelName}}{{else}}None{{end}}</font>
    > Severity: <font color="warning">{{.IncidentSeverity}}</font>
    > Trigger Time: {{date "2006-01-02 15:04:05" .StartTime}}
    > Duration: {{ago .StartTime}}{{if gt .AlertCnt 1}}
    > Grouped Alerts: {{.AlertCnt}}{{end}}
    <br />[Details]({{.DetailUrl}})|[Acknowledge]({{.DetailUrl}}?ack=1)
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Slack Bot">
    Max message \~15000 characters, truncated if exceeded.

    **Default Template**:

    ```go theme={null}
    {{fireReason .}}INC <{{.DetailUrl}}|#{{.Num}}> {{toHtml .Title}}
    -----
    Channel: {{if .ChannelName}}{{.ChannelName}}{{else}}None{{end}}
    Severity: {{.IncidentSeverity}}
    Trigger Time: {{date "2006-01-02 15:04:05" .StartTime}}
    Duration: {{ago .StartTime}}{{if gt .AlertCnt 1}}
    Grouped Alerts: {{.AlertCnt}}{{end}}
    -----
    <br /><{{.DetailUrl}}|Details>|<{{.DetailUrl}}?ack=1|Acknowledge>
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Telegram Bot">
    Max message 4096 characters, won't send if exceeded. Requires configuring a Telegram service address accessible from your region.

    **Default Template**:

    ```go theme={null}
    {{fireReason .}}INC [#{{.Num}}]({{.DetailUrl}}) {{toHtml .Title}}
    -----
    Channel: {{if .ChannelName}}{{.ChannelName}}{{else}}None{{end}}
    Severity: {{.IncidentSeverity}}
    Trigger Time: {{date "2006-01-02 15:04:05" .StartTime}}
    Duration: {{ago .StartTime}}
    <br />[Details]({{.DetailUrl}})|[Acknowledge]({{.DetailUrl}}?ack=1)
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

## Other Channels

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="SMS">
    **Default Template**:

    ```go theme={null}
    You have a pending incident: {{toHtml .Title}}, Channel: {{.ChannelName}}, Severity: {{.IncidentSeverity}}{{if gt .AlertCnt 1}}, {{.AlertCnt}} alerts grouped{{end}}
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Voice">
    **Default Template**:

    ```go theme={null}
    You have a pending incident: {{toHtml .Title}}, Channel: {{.ChannelName}}, Severity: {{.IncidentSeverity}}{{if gt .AlertCnt 1}}, {{.AlertCnt}} alerts grouped{{end}}
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Email">
    Supports full HTML format. Default template provides professional email layout including incident title, severity, channel, trigger time, responders, plus "Acknowledge Now" and "View Details" buttons.

    <Frame caption="Email Notification Effect">
      <img src="https://download.flashcat.cloud/flashduty/changelog/20230720/email_render.png" alt="Email Notification" />
    </Frame>
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

## Related Topics

<CardGroup cols={2}>
  <Card title="Configure Escalation Rules" icon="route" href="/en/on-call/channel/escalation-rule">
    Define incident notification rules and escalation mechanisms
  </Card>

  <Card title="Configure Personal Preferences" icon="user-gear" href="/en/on-call/configuration/personal-settings">
    Customize notification time periods and channel preferences
  </Card>
</CardGroup>